• br The role of apelin in hepatic diseases The

  2024-08-31

  

  The role of apelin in hepatic diseases The involvement of the apelin/APJ system in liver physiology and pathology has been proven in numerous studies (Table 6). For instance, in the experiment of Emam et al. [63] on rats suffering from hepatic injury, apelin decreased the levels of ALT, AST and L

• br Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate severa

  2024-08-30

  

  Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate several neural functions ranging from reproduction to mood and cognitive abilities. This property starts as early as the perinatal period, which is characterized by prenatal and postnatal surges of gonadal testosterone, and continues through pube

• The specific mechanism and neurotoxic A

  2024-08-30

  

  The specific mechanism and neurotoxic Aβ notch signaling are yet to be elucidated, however recent studies have provided significant evidence for the amyloid channel hypothesis. These reports have established that relatively small oligomers ( Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This work was f

• Similarly results obtained in our lab using

  2024-08-30

  

  Similarly, results obtained in our lab using experimental diabetic encephalopathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in C57BL-6 mice showed that the hippocampus of the diabetic animals exhibited reactive gliosis, neuronal loss, NF-kB signaling activation as well as high levels of IL-1β and vascular end

• As noted above yeasts particularly

  2024-08-30

  

  As noted above, yeasts, particularly S. cerevisiae (Frey and Röhm 1978; Trumbly and Bradley 1983), produce APs, but these are intracellular enzymes located in the vacuolar compartment, with the exception of aminopeptidase II. About 40% of aminopeptidase II activity is detected as external enzyme, li

• Based on our findings in this

  2024-08-30

  

  Based on our findings in this work as well as the previous published data in the experimental mice model of RSV infection, we suggest that modulation of 12/15 LOX expression and/or blocking of LOX products such as 12(S)-HETE may represent potential pharmacological approaches to prevent or treat vira

• br Acknowledgements The authors would like

  2024-08-30

  

  Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr. Bradford B. Lowell for providing us with β-less and WT breeding pairs. Funding sources: This work was supported by NIH Grant DK028082 (to E.M.F) and by an Institutional Research Training Grant NRSA 5T32DK751627 (to N.D.). Introduction The e

• HT receptors are distributed throughout the brain within the

  2024-08-30

  

  5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and qpcr real time pcr (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Buf

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Autoantibodies directed

  2024-08-30

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Autoantibodies directed at neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels are pathogenic and/or biomarkers in several autoimmune neurological diseases [1]. For example, autoantibodies directed against voltage-gated potassium channels, the P/Q-type (α1A) voltage-gated

• BAY 61-3606 Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is

  2024-08-30

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic BAY 61-3606 receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. E

• Previously we described that cadmium induces a more pronounc

  2024-08-30

  

  Previously, we described that cadmium induces a more pronounced, but not selective, cell death on primary cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain (Del Pino et al., 2014). Degeneration of septal cholinergic neurons from basal forebrain, as happens in AD, results in memory deficits (Scheiderer et al.

• Bioactive peptides contain amino acids with

  2024-08-30

  

  Bioactive peptides contain 2–20 amino acids with possible bioactivities including antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and opioid activity [9], [10], [11]. There has been a great interest in antihypertensive peptides for their efficiency in lowering blood pressure. The antihyper

• A review has recently been published

  2024-08-30

  

  A review has recently been published to evaluate the potential effects of food, alcohol and SIS3 juices on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs for BPH. The authors reviewed the PubMed database during the years 1991–2015. In addition, a digital version of Stockley on drug interact

• As summarized in Fig autophagy up

  2024-08-30

  

  As summarized in Fig. 1, autophagy up-regulation in terms of Beclin 1 induction, increase of LC3 II and p62 down-regulation were observed between 24 and 72 h of cell incubation, this coinciding with the end of the period 27-OH caused slight reduction of cell viability and proliferation as previously

• At present the role of autophagy in neurons remains controve

  2024-08-30

  

  At present, the role of autophagy in neurons remains controversial. Autophagy has homeostatic and waste-recycling functions and plays a protective role in neurodegeneration diseases. Moreover, it has been thought as a programmed cell death participating in the occurrence and development of various d

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